• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a device and a method for positioning an optical element, the device comprising a positionable part on which the optical element can be mounted; a basic part; a suspension system, the positionable part is mounted on the base part in a movable manner with the suspension system; a drive system for driving movement of the positionable member relative to the base member; and a control system for controlling movement of the positionable member.
    公开号:BE1026351B1
    申请号:E20155371
    申请日:2015-06-18
    公开日:2020-01-13
    发明作者:Biesen Marc Van
    申请人:Newson N V；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Device and method for positioning an optical element
    TECHNICAL DOMAIN
    The invention relates to the technical domain of an optical element positioning device and methods for positioning an optical element, more in particular a device capable of rotating and / or shifting an optical element relative to an optical axis of a beam of light.
    BACKGROUND ART
    Apparatus for positioning optical elements within an optical axis of a light beam are needed in many applications, in particular with regard to laser manipulation processes such as laser scanning, laser engraving, laser marking, laser ablation or laser etching, but also other applications requiring deflection of a light beam, either incoherent, coherent or partially coherent, in a verifiable manner.
    EP 0 579 471 A1 describes a scanning device comprising a scanning mirror with a reflecting surface and an electromagnetic device for deflecting the scanning mirror. A coil assembly is mounted on the scanning mirror and a permanent magnet assembly. A capacitive sensor detects the deflection of the scan mirror. The capacitive sensor includes a detector for detecting the change in capacitance between a conductive element attached to the mirror and at least a portion of the base.
    WO 01/78096 A2 describes an actuator that comprises a flat substrate with two conductors of different potentials. A coil made as a conical helix or two shattered conical spirals and a magnet generates repulsive magnetic fluxes and a second coil creates a third flux through which the ends of the other two coils move relative to the substrate.
    US 4,157,861 A describes a system comprising a reflective surface mounted on a base plate. The base plate is electromagnetically driven by applied signals to control its angular arrangement to a degree of accuracy within fractions of a microradial. Spiral springs are attached to the base plate in pairs to define two orthogonally-connected motion axes that intersect in the geometric center of the base plate. A swiveling
    BE2015 / 5371 support, preferably a jewel bearing, is positioned in the geometric center of the base plate. First and second pairs of permanent magnets extend from the base plate at opposite points equidistant from the pivotable carrier to determine the first and second axes of movement that are also orthogonally connected. Connected pairs of electrically conductive coils are arranged around the permanent magnets and spaced therefrom to allow relative movement.
    US 2001/0000130 A1 describes an oscillation drive unit consisting of an actuator to add power in a particular direction to make an antenna to oscillate at a distance from the carrier portion of an elastic carrier mechanism. The mechanism supports the antenna at a central point and is mounted in a frame so that oscillation can be made biaxial.
    US 2003/0058550 A1 describes a lens holder with a lens mounted on an upper portion of a suspended yoke plate. Coil printed circuit boards (PCBs) with coils formed in a pattern for focusing, tracking and driving with a radial tilt of the lens holder are mounted on front and rear portions of the lens holder. Magnets positioned at predetermined intervals of the coil PCBs drive the lens through interaction with the coil PCBs.
    WO 2009/106094 A1 describes a device for positioning an optical element in 1, 2 or 3 dimensions comprising elevation and two-dimensional tilting. This device comprises a positionable plate on which the optical element is or can be mounted. The positionable plate comprises a number of electrically conductive coils that serve as drive elements positioned around the geometric center of the positionable plate. A base plate comprising permanent magnets which form electromotive pairs with the coils supports the positionable plate by means of a bearing system. When current is passed through the coils over electrically conductive mechanically flexible connections, electromotive forces, all substantially normal to the positionable plate, are formed at the coil positions. The forces can be combined in a two-dimensional tilting torque and a lifting force that is able, by means of the bearing system, to tilt and / or raise the positionable plate in two dimensions relative to the base plate. Controllers, comprising error signals derived from a deviation between instantaneous and desired position of the positionable plate relative to the base plate, are used to control the currents.
    BE2015 / 5371
    Other relevant documents are US 6,188,502 and US 8,665,500. However, these fail to resolve the issues discussed.
    A device for positioning an optical element usually comprises a positionable part mounted on a static base part in a movable manner by a suspension system, wherein the position of the positionable part relative to the base part can be changed by means of a drive system. These and other prior art devices and methods give rise to some problems, including, but not limited to, the following.
    The speed of positioning and repositioning of the optical element could be severely limited in the prior art because of the weight of the positionable part of the prior art devices, which could be a consequence of the drive system of the device which necessitates the presence of a heavy iron core on the positionable part for, for example, increasing inductive reactance; moreover, inductive drive can lead to considerable energy losses, especially at high positioning speeds, which may make cooling systems necessary.
    Another problem with prior art devices and methods is the size of the device and in particular its drive or suspension system, which may be too large for certain applications or to be used in e.g. a tabletop or small scale arrangement.
    A further problem of the prior art devices and methods is that the positionable part is usually movable about a single axis, or the positionable part consists of a number of sub-devices, usually two, which are each movable about a single axis that , when combined, lead to a positionable part that can be rotated around two independent axes. Such an arrangement is generally used for mirroring optical elements which are thereby able to deflect an optical beam to any desired direction within a maximum range. However, such an arrangement requires two or more independent drive systems, usually one drive system for each sub-device, which increases the size and mass of the sub-devices, which in turn leads to a reduction in speed (due to, for example, an increase in mass and inertia moments of the sub-devices), a reduction of
    BE2015 / 5371 deflection range or a reduction in the maximum beam width (due to eg connection or wiring difficulties, or eg in the case of a mirror optical element consisting of two mirrors, rotatable around a perpendicular axis, where the first mirror is in the optical path can be kept small, but the second mirror must be larger, depending on the maximum deflection angle of the first mirror). Yet another problem with prior art devices and methods is the lack of a possible sliding movement of the positionable member. Such a sliding movement refers to a change in position of the positionable part, generally along the optical axis of a light beam. A sliding motion can be used in the event that a change in optical beam length is required or may be useful. This may be the case with optical systems comprising, for example, a lens, lens system, diffraction system, interference system or 3D print / engraving system.
    Another problem that arises with prior art devices and methods relates to controlling the movement and / or measuring the position of the positionable part. To have optimum control over the movement, a feedback control mechanism based on a measurement of the position of the positionable part can be implemented. This allows the position of the positionable part to be made to follow a, preferably predetermined, orientation position by measuring the actual position of the positionable part and driving the movement of the positionable part about the difference between the actual position and minimize target position (e.g. by a PID control method). Such a method, however, necessitates the presence of a position measurement or detection system, which is preferably as fast and accurate as possible to enable high operational speeds, while keeping costs and safety risks as low as possible.
    It is an object of the present invention to solve at least some of the aforementioned problems.
    The object of the invention is to provide for this purpose a device for positioning an optical element which can be kept small in size, which comprises an efficient drive system which requires a very small amount of energy for its operation and therefore not necessarily cooling, which allows movement of the optical element. element around one or more axes and / or along a longitudinal direction, with the position and movement
    BE2015 / 5371 of the positionable part and the optical element mounted thereon can be checked quickly, safely, cheaply and accurately.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention provides a device for positioning an optical element comprising a positionable part on which the optical element can be mounted, a base part, a suspension system that connects the positionable part to the base part in a movable manner, a drive system for driving motion of the positionable part relative to the base part, and optionally a control system for controlling movement of the positionable part. In one embodiment, the suspension system comprises at least one suspension element, preferably at least three or exactly three suspension elements, more preferably mechanical suspension elements, wherein preferably at least one suspension element and more preferably each suspension element comprises a spring, such as a leaf spring, at preferably a metal leaf spring. Each suspension element is attached to the base member at at least one base suspension location, thereby defining a base reference system, preferably a base reference plane. Each suspension element is also attached to the positionable part at at least one positionable suspension location, thereby defining a positionable reference system, preferably a positionable reference surface. The current suspension system allows rapid and accurate movement of an optical element mounted on the positionable member, and thereby rapid and accurate manipulation of a light beam reflected by or transmitted through such an optical element. An embodiment of the present invention comprising at least three or exactly three suspension elements attached to the positionable portion at at least three or exactly three positionable suspension locations is preferably desired.
    The suspension system described above permits many types of light beam manipulation, in particular three-dimensional manipulation, with the aid of only one positionable part. This greatly limits the device in size and weight and allows a fast and accurate deflection.
    In a preferred embodiment, the suspension system comprises a number of suspension elements that is a multiple of three, such as 3, 6, 9, 12 or more, preferably wherein the suspension elements are subdivided into three groups of n suspension elements, where n is each strictly positive integer, such as 1, 2, 3, 4 or more.
    BE2015 / 5371
    In one embodiment, the drive system comprises at least one drive element, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more drive elements, more preferably at least three drive elements. In a preferred embodiment, the drive system comprises one drive element for each suspension element or for each group of suspension elements. In a preferred embodiment, the drive system comprises a number of drive elements that is a multiple of three, such as 3, 6, 9, 12 or more, preferably wherein the drive elements are subdivided into three groups of m drive elements, where m is each strictly positive integer such as 1, 2, 3, 4 or more, wherein preferably each group of drive elements is adapted to cooperate.
    In one embodiment the drive element comprises an electric conductor, preferably an electrically conductive coil mounted on the positionable part, and one or more magnets, preferably permanent magnets mounted on the base part near the conductor, preferably substantially in the longitudinal direction adjacent to the conductor, ie where a magnet comprises a magnet axis through a north pole and a south pole of the magnet, the magnet axis is oriented essentially in the longitudinal direction and the conductor is located close to the magnet axis, preferably also near or next to the north pole or the south pole, or wherein the conductive coil is mainly located around the magnet axis. The drive of the positionable part can be obtained by ensuring that an electric current flows through the conductor. The Lorentz force operating on a conductor in which an electric current passes at a magnetic field or magnetic induction can be used to move the roller positionable part in one direction and at a speed or acceleration depending on the direction and magnitude of the electrical current in the conductor. A conductor in the form of a coil or comprising one or more loops, placed close to, e.g. below or above, the magnet increases the force acting on the conductor in which a certain current is present, and therefore allows faster drive with smaller currents to. The electrical conductor or coil is preferably positioned at least partially on or near a peripheral edge of the positional plate, and the magnet is preferably located longitudinally near or adjacent to the peripheral edge. This is particularly preferred in the case that the positionable part must be rotatable, in which case it may be advantageous for the Lorentz force to operate near the peripheral edge of the positionable part for a more accurate control and / or smoother movement of the positionable part . Preferably the drive element comprises an electrical source, e.g. a current source or a voltage source, which may be common to all drive elements, the source is not mounted on the positionable part, e.g. mounted on, at or near the base part. A current can be made to flow into the conductors of the drive elements via electrical connections between the
    BE2015 / 5371 source and the conductors, which may be located on the suspension elements, or wherein the electrical connections are formed at least partly by electrically conductive parts of the suspension elements.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least one and preferably each drive element p comprises conductive coils, preferably connected in series, and q magnets, preferably permanent magnets, wherein p and q are strictly positive integers, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more. More preferably, p is a multiple of q, such as p equal to q, 2q, 3q, 4q or more. Most preferably, at least one and preferably each drive element comprises 2 permanent magnets and 2 or 4 conductive coils positioned on the positionable part substantially in the longitudinal direction next to or near a pole of the magnets. Preferably the coils comprise 1 or more loops or windings, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 loops or more.
    In a preferred embodiment, the drive system comprises three drive elements, each comprising p conductive coils and / or q magnets as described above. Therefore, the drive system is preferably a total number of conductive coils that is a multiple of three, such as 3, 6, 9, 12 or more, and / or a total number of magnets that is a multiple of three, such as 3, 6, 9, 12 or more.
    In a preferred embodiment, the one or more magnets comprise a north-south pole direction along a substantially longitudinal direction.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, 2 or more magnets, preferably permanent magnets, of a drive element are arranged in an alternating-pole arrangement, ie wherein a first magnet comprises a north pole at a proximal end, ie an end located near the positionable part, and a south pole at a distal end, e.g. an end located in the longitudinal direction away from the positionable part along a longitudinal direction, and wherein a second magnet adjacent to the first magnet comprises a south pole at the proximal end and a north pole at the distal end . Such an arrangement with alternating poles ensures that the combined magnetic field of the magnets is raised near the proximal ends, and thus near the positionable part, while the combined magnetic far field, i.e. at a far distance, is limited. This leads to an energy reduction during operation since the high field values near the positionable part require smaller currents through the conductors of the drive elements on the positionable part, and also leads to increased safety since the far field is negligible and allows e.g.
    BE2015 / 5371 paramagnetic or diamagnetic material is used relatively close to the device.
    In one embodiment the device comprises a control system for controlling movement of the positionable part. The control system herein preferably comprises means for controlling the electrical current flowing through an electrical conductor of a driving element, preferably controlling the electrical current flowing through each of the electrical conductors of the driving elements. The control system preferably also comprises a detection system for measuring the position of the positionable part, preferably the detection system comprising at least three detection elements, which enable measurement of the full 3D position of the positionable part. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the control system comprises one or more control systems, preferably comprising a feedback mechanism, e.g. a proportional (P), an integrating (I) or a differentiating (D) control system, or any combination thereof, in particular one or more PID control mechanisms, which allows movement control by, for example, directing electrical currents through the electrical conductors of the drive elements, which movement follows a directional movement or a set of directional positions for the positionable part, taking into account the actual position of the positionable part as measured by the detection system.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least one detection element of the detection system comprises a high-frequency electrical signal generator adapted to cause a high-frequency current to flow through an electrical conductor, preferably an electrical coil, on the positionable part, the electrical conductor being preferably an electrical conductor of a drive element, and the detection element comprising an induction-based proximity or distance sensor, preferably located on the base part, more preferably in the longitudinal direction near or next to the conductors of the positionable part. Here, the proximity sensor preferably comprises a static coil capable of receiving the energy, in the form of an induced current, at high frequency of the electrical conductor via magnetic induction, the magnitude of which depends on the distance between the electrical conductor on the positionable part and the proximity sensor or its static coil. Preferably, the static coil is mounted near or on top of a magnet, preferably the permanent magnet, of a drive element. Preferably, a proximity sensor is provided on each or at least three of the magnets of the drive elements.
    BE2015 / 5371
    In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for positioning an optical element, which method comprises the steps of:
    - providing a device for positioning an optical element, preferably comprising a positionable part on which the optical element can be mounted, a base part, a suspension system connecting the positionable part to the base part in a movable manner, a drive mechanism for movement driving the positionable part relative to the base part, and optionally a control system for controlling movement of the positionable part, which optical element is mounted on the positionable part;
    - driving movement of the positionable part for positioning the optical element.
    The device is preferably a device according to the present invention.
    In a preferred embodiment, the movement of the positionable member comprises rotation about one axis or two at least partially independent axes and / or translation or shift along a longitudinal direction, preferably wherein one or two axes comprise a component perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, ie wherein the one or two axes are substantially not parallel to the longitudinal direction. In a preferred embodiment, at least one axis is oriented substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. In this way, movement of the optical element in three dimensions can be obtained. In a preferred embodiment, the rotation around the one axis and / or the two axes comprises rotation through an angle of at least 1 °, more preferably at least 5 °, even more preferably at least 10 °, even more preferably at least at least 15 °, eg 1 °, 2 °, 3 °,
    4 °, 5 °, 6 °, 7 °, 8 °, 9 °, 10 °, 11 °, 12 °, 13 °, 14 °, 15 °, 16 °, 17 °, 18 °, 19 °, 20 ° , 21 °, 22 °, 23 °, 24 °, 25 °, 26 °, 27 °, 28 °, 29 °, 30 °, 31 °, 32 °, 33 °, 34 °, 35 °, 36 °, 37 °, 38 °, 39 °,
    40 °, 41 °, 42 °, 43 °, 44 °, 45 °, 46 °, 47 °, 48 °, 49 °, 50 °, 51 °, 52 °, 53 °, 54 °, 55 °, 56 ° ,
    57 °, 58 °, 59 °, 60 °, 61 °, 62 °, 63 °, 64 °, 65 °, 66 °, 67 °, 68 °, 69 °, 70 °, 71 °, 72 °, 73 ° ,
    74 °, 75 °, 76 °, 77 °, 78 °, 79 °, 80 °, 81 °, 82 °, 83 °, 84 °, 85 °, 86 °, 87 °, 88 °, 89 °, 90 ° or any value in between or higher.
    In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method for manipulating a light beam, e.g., a laser beam, by an optical element mounted on a device for positioning an optical element, preferably a device according to the present invention. This method preferably comprises the steps of:
    - shifting the optical element along a longitudinal direction, whereby preferably a path length of the beam, preferably the optical path length, is
    BE2015 / 5371 changed. In a preferred embodiment, the optical element comprises a lens, a mirror and / or a mirroring lens or a grouping ensemble thereof, wherein the shift results in a change of a focal point or focal plane of the beam. Alternatively or additionally, the shift is performed in combination with a deflection of the beam by a telecentric lens before or after changing the optical path length of the beam; and / or
    - rotating the optical element about one axis comprising a component perpendicular to an optical path of the beam. Such a movement can be used to deflect the light beam through an angle in a plane if the optical element is a lens, or can be used for radial movement of the beam if the optical element is an optical plane glass in transmission mode; and / or
    - subsequently or simultaneously rotating the optical element about two independent axes, each comprising a component perpendicular to an optical path of the beam. Such a movement can be used to deflect a beam from an incoming direction to any outgoing direction, e.g. if the optical element comprises a mirror surface; and / or
    - subsequently or simultaneously shifting the optical element along a longitudinal direction and rotating the optical element about one axis and about two independent axes; Such a movement allows control over both the direction of the output rays and the optical path length of the rays.
    Manipulation of a light beam can include, but is not limited to, deflection, mirroring, bending, focusing, defocusing, changing the path length, changing the optical path length, or any combination thereof, of the light beam.
    The present invention also relates to a positionable part and / or a base part suitable for, and preferably arranged for, a device for positioning an optical element as described in the present document.
    DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
    Figure 1 illustrates a device according to the present invention, comprising three suspension and three drive elements, each comprising one permanent magnet and one movement coil.
    Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a device according to the present invention, wherein the optical element, the positionable part and the base part slightly
    BE2015 / 5371 are pulled apart for illustrative purposes. Figures 3 and 4 show respectively a top view of the positionable part and the base part of this embodiment.
    Figure 5 illustrates an arrangement in which a device according to the present invention makes it possible to control the incident angle of a light beam.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a device for positioning an optical element comprising a positionable part on which the optical element can be mounted, a base part, a suspension system which connects the positionable part to the base part in a movable manner, a drive system for movement of driving the positionable part relative to the base part, and optionally a control system for controlling movement of the positionable part as described in the claims and above. The present invention also relates to a method for positioning an optical element and methods for deflecting a light beam as described above and in the claims. Preferred embodiments of the device and methods of the present invention are further described below.
    Unless defined otherwise, all terms used in the description of the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. For further guidance, term definitions are included to better value the teachings of the present invention.
    As used herein, the following terms have the following meaning:
    A, the and the as used herein refer to both the singular and plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, a compartment refers to one or more than one compartment.
    Approximately as used herein and referring to a measurable quantity such as a parameter, an amount, a duration, and the like, is intended to include variations of +/- 20% or less, preferably +/- 10% or less, more at preferably +/- 5% or less, even more preferably +/- 1% or less, and even more preferably +/- 0.1% or less than and of the quoted value, insofar as such
    BE2015 / 5371 variations are suitable for carrying out in the described invention. However, this should be understood to mean that the value to which the term roughly refers refers to itself being specifically disclosed.
    Include, including, including and consisting of, as used herein, are synonyms for containing, containing, containing or including, including, including and including inclusive or open terms specifying the presence of what follows, e.g., component, and which do not exclude the presence or prevent additional, non-recited components, characteristics, elements, members, steps, known from the state of the art or described therein.
    The citation of numerical ranges by the end points includes all integers and fractions included within that range, including those end points.
    The term weight% (weight percent), throughout and throughout the specification, unless otherwise defined, refers to the relative weight of the respective component based on the total weight of the formulation.
    The terms axial direction or longitudinal direction as used herein and throughout the specification, unless otherwise defined, primarily refers to the main direction of the light to be directed or manipulated by the optical element that can be mounted on the present device. In the case that the light is to be deflected over a large angle, e.g. in the case that the optical element is a mirror positioned at an angle of about 45 ° with the light beam, the longitudinal direction relates to the average direction of the light for and after the deflection. In the case that an optical element mounted on the positionable member comprises an axial direction, e.g. in the case of a lens or a mirror where the axial direction is perpendicular to the surface in a geometric center of the surface, the axial direction can also be defined as being essentially parallel to the axial direction of the optical element. In an embodiment where the positionable part is suspended by at least three suspension systems at three positionable suspension locations, the positionable suspension locations define a positionable reference surface that is preferably arranged substantially perpendicular to the axial direction when the positionable part is in a rest position, ie there is no drive applied to the positionable part. The axial direction can herein be determined by the direction perpendicular to the positionable reference surface. Analogously, the axial direction can also be defined by the direction perpendicular to it
    BE2015 / 5371 basic reference plane of the basic part. In most embodiments, at least some or all of the above definitions substantially coincide.
    The terms rest position, zero deflection position or zero deflection position surface refer to the position or position reference surface of the positionable part in a non-driven state, i.e. the state where there is no drive through the drive system. In particular, it refers to the position of the positionable surface relative to the base surface if, for example, no electric current flows through conductors of the drive elements on the positionable surface. Preferably, all terms relating to the position of the positionable surface or all components mounted thereon when described in relation to the base part or all components thereon, which are used to describe the device in a non-working condition, should be interpreted as when the positionable plane is in the zero deflection position, e.g. if a magnet of a drive element mounted on the base member is described as being longitudinally adjacent an electrical conductor on the positionable member, this refers to the relative positions of the magnet and guide in the zero deflection position of the positionable part.
    The terms proximity sensor or distance sensor as used herein and throughout this document are synonymous and refer to sensors or measuring devices that measure distances either directly or indirectly by measuring distance-dependent parameters. In the latter case, the distance sensors can preferably be provided with conversion means for converting a value from the distance-dependent parameter to a value for the distance or vice versa. Such a conversion means may comprise an algorithm, e.g. as performed on a processing unit.
    In one embodiment, the positionable part comprises or is a positionable plate, and / or preferably comprises a switchboard, preferably a printed circuit board (PCB) or a rigid material, e.g. a reinforced material such as a fiber-reinforced material, e.g. reinforced with glass and / or carbon fibers on which other components can be mounted, such as electrical conductors. In a preferred embodiment, the conductors comprise metal conductors, preferably copper or aluminum conductors.
    In one embodiment the base part comprises a base plate, and / or preferably comprises a switchboard, preferably a printed circuit board, on which preferably the static coils of the distance sensors are arranged.
    BE2015 / 5371
    In a preferred embodiment, two, three or more of the suspension elements are at least partially independent of each other, which allows at least partially independent movement of one or more of the positionable suspension locations, preferably along a longitudinal or axial direction. Such at least partially independent suspension elements allow movement of the positionable part in a highly controllable manner.
    Preferably, the positionable suspension locations of at least three suspension elements are arranged in a positionable reference surface that forms a reference surface for the orientation of the positionable part, ie the position of the positionable reference surface is in a one-to-one correspondence with the position of the positionable part. Preferably, the base suspension locations of at least three suspension elements are arranged in a base reference plane that forms a reference plane for the orientation of the base member, i.e. the position of the base reference plane is in a one-to-one correspondence with the position of the base member.
    Preferably, the positionable and / or basic suspension locations and / or the suspension elements are arranged in a substantially regular polygonal arrangement, e.g. a regular triangle, a square, or a regular pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, hexagon.
    In a preferred embodiment the suspension element comprises an electrically conductive part that forms a part of the conductor of the drive element, preferably a drive element corresponding to the suspension element. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the suspension element comprises a metal leaf spring which forms part of the guide. In another preferred embodiment, this suspension element is a mechanical suspension element which is provided with at least one electrical path, e.g. a metal strip or wire, e.g. a copper or iron strip or wire.
    In a preferred embodiment, the suspension elements comprise flexible arms, which are preferably hybrid flexible arms, i.e. flexible arms made of electrically insulating foil material. Different electrically conductive paths routed on this material can be used to integrate different electrical connections on a single suspension element or a single flexible arm.
    In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises three drive elements, each comprising an electrical conductor, such as a coil, the electrical conductors
    BE2015 / 5371 are electrically connected to the base part via a bridging conductor between the positionable part and the base part, preferably the bridging conductor is arranged at or near a geometric center of the positionable part. Such a bridging conductor can act as a common drain for the three electrical conductors, each electrical conductor is also separately electrically connected, e.g. via the suspension element, preferably via a metal leaf spring of the suspension element, to a current source. In an arrangement with three metal leaf spring suspensions that act as electrical connections between a source not located on the positionable part, e.g. located on the base part, and the electrical conductors and / or coils of the positionable part, which conductors are further connected to the source via the common bridge conductor. This allows three independently controllable electrical currents to flow through the three conductors of the three drive elements, with a minimum of electrical connections between the positionable member and the base member. Three independently controllable or controllable currents can be used to control movement of the positionable member in three dimensions, e.g. movement around two independent axes of rotation and movement along the longitudinal direction or a sliding movement.
    The bridging conductor is preferably flexible, flexible and / or stretchable, and / or comprises a flexible conductive wire.
    In a preferred embodiment, this high-frequency electrical signal generator is capable of, preferably adapted to, generating signals with a signal frequency that is higher than 10 kHz, preferably higher than 50 kHz, more preferably higher than 100 kHz, even more at preferably higher than 200 kHz, even more preferably higher than 300 kHz, even more preferably higher than 400 kHz, even more preferably higher than 500 kHz. In a preferred embodiment, this signal frequency is higher than all mechanical and / or electrical resonance frequencies of the positionable part.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, the high-frequency electrical signal generator is integrated in the device, preferably arranged on the base part. This leads to a more compact device and a simpler shielding of any possible high-frequency electromagnetic fields that could arise from the signal generator.
    In a preferred embodiment, this high-frequency electrical signal generator comprises a class D amplifier and / or the control system comprises one or more
    BE2015 / 5371 control systems that include a class D amplifier. Class D amplifiers are inexpensive and inherently produce high-frequency signals that have been filtered or damped in prior art devices for safety reasons, i.e., to eliminate the spread of high-frequency electromagnetic fields to the environment. In the present device, however, the high-frequency signals can be limited to a device housing, due to the limited size of the present device, ie since the device of the present invention can be kept relatively small, in particular smaller than prior art devices, it is easier to shield the high-frequency components by encapsulating the entire device, including a high-frequency electrical signal generator from its control or control systems.
    In a preferred embodiment, the control system comprises an algorithm to convert a target position of the positionable member to target distances for the proximity sensors.
    In a preferred embodiment the positionable part comprises an optical aperture, preferably at, near and / or around a geometric center of the positionable part. This allows the operation of the device in transmission mode, whereby a light beam can be deflected by a transmission optical element, such as a lens or a flat glass or curved transparent plate mounted on the positionable part.
    In a preferred embodiment an optical element is mounted on the positionable part, the optical element preferably comprises one or a combination of the following: an aperture, a mirror, a lens, a mirroring lens, an optical surface glass, a transparent optical surface glass , a group of lenses, a diverging lens, a converging lens, a diffraction lens, a diffraction grating, a set of apertures, a prism.
    Example:
    Figures 1-4 illustrate two embodiments of a device according to the present invention. The device comprises a positionable part (1), i.e. a positionable plate, on which an optical element, e.g. a mirror or lens, can be mounted. The positionable part can move relative to a base part (3) which thus acts as a stator of the device, since the positionable part is suspended with three suspension elements (10, 11, 12), each comprising a metal leaf spring (5, 13, 14) which result in a flexible mechanical connection. The
    BE2015 / 5371 suspension elements are connected to the positionable part at position suspension points (15, 16, 17) and to the base part at basic suspension points (18, 19, 26). The leaf springs are adapted to provide maximum stiffness in the radial direction and maximum flexibility in the axial direction (L) of the positionable part.
    The drive system of the device of Fig. 1 comprises three drive elements, each of which comprises an electrically conductive coil (2, 20, 21), also said movement coil mounted on the positionable part and a permanent magnet (23, 4, 22) mounted on the base part in the longitudinal direction (L) at the bottom of the coils (2, 20, 21). Note that the drive elements and suspension elements are arranged in a regular triangular arrangement about a longitudinal axis (L). Electrical current from an electrical source at or near the base member can be made to flow through the coils (2, 20, 21) via the metal leaf springs (5, 13, 14) and via a bridging conductor (24) that acts as a common conductor, eg common ground, for the three coils. If a current flows through each of the coils (2, 20, 21), this results in a Lorentz force on the coils and thus on the positionable part due to the magnetic field of the permanent magnets (23, 4, 23 ). Note that this force acts on the positionable part substantially along the longitudinal direction. Due to the arrangement of the suspension elements, current flowing through one coil will effectively result in a combined rotation and sliding movement of the positionable part. By properly controlling the three independent currents flowing through the three coils, a complete rotation about rotation or tilting axes (X, Y) and / or a sliding movement along the longitudinal axis (L) can be obtained.
    A static coil (27, 25, 6) is mounted on each permanent magnet (23, 4, 22). These static coils are part of the detection system for measuring the position of the positionable part. The magnetic or inductive coupling between the static coils and the coils (2, 20, 21) of the drive elements is used to form 3 distance sensors. A number of control systems, equal to the amount of distance sensors, i.e. three, are part of a control system that controls the movement or position of the positionable part by controlling the currents through the three coils (2, 20, 21) via the control systems. Preferably, the control systems include PID feedback mechanisms, each of which drives one independent current through a coil (2, 20, 21) to cause the positionable plate to follow a directional position, depending on the actual position as measured by the distance sensors.
    BE2015 / 5371
    Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a device according to the present invention, wherein the optical element, the positionable part and the base part are slightly pulled apart for illustrative purposes. Figures 3 and 4 show respectively a top view of the positionable part and the base part of this embodiment. Elements of this embodiment corresponding to elements of the embodiment of FIG. 1 are indicated by the same numbers.
    The positionable part (1) herein comprises a printed circuit board, provided with three groups of movement coils (31, 32, 33), each group comprising two coils at the top of the PCB and two coils at the bottom of the PCB. This is best shown in Figure 3, where three groups of coils (31, 32, 33) each have two sets of coils (2A and 2B for group (31), 20A and 20B for group (32) and 21A and 21B for group (33)), the two sets of each group are connected in series. Here, each set (2A, 2B, 20A, 20B, 21A, 21B) of coils actually comprises two coils, one on the top of the PCB, and one on the bottom of the PCB (both are shown in Fig. 3), which connected in series with a through through the PCB. Such an arrangement increases the total number of turns of the coils, which in turn leads to a reduction in the current that has to flow through the coils to drive the movement, which increases energy efficiency.
    The embodiment of Figs. 2-4 differs in particular from the embodiment of Fig. 1 in the number of movement coils: 12 coils arranged in 3 groups (31, 32, 33) of 4 coils as described above; and in the number of magnets: 6 magnets arranged in 3 groups of 2 magnets (e.g. magnets (4A, 4B) form one group of magnets of one drive element, while magnet (22A) is one magnet of another group of two magnets of a second drive element - the other magnet of this group is not shown in the figure, and while magnet (23B) is one magnet of the third group of two magnets of a third drive element - the other magnet of this group is again not shown on the figure). The magnets (23B, 4A, 4B, 22A, and the two magnets not shown) are arranged in an arrangement with alternating poles, e.g. with the north pole of magnet (23B) facing the positionable plate (1), in the particularly close to moving coil (2B), with the south pole of the magnet (4A) facing the positionable plate (1), with the north pole of magnet (4B) facing the positionable plate (1), and with the south pole of magnet (22A) facing the positionable plate (1), etc. Note that such an arrangement coincides with the two sets of each group of motion coils with an opposite spiral direction. For example, when one
    BE2015 / 5371 current is made to flow through the group (32) of motion coils, this current flowing clockwise through set (20A) of coils as shown in Fig. 3, then the current will move counterclockwise flows through set (20B) of the coils. Since the poles of the corresponding magnets (4A) and (4B) are alternately oriented, the Lorentz force acts on the two sets (20A, 20B) of coils essentially in the same direction.
    The base part (3) comprises a PCB, as shown from above in Figs. 4, provided with three groups of static coils (27A and 27B, 25A and 25B, 6A and 6B), to determine the position of the positionable part. Note that the static coils can be placed between the magnets and the sets of motion coils, eg static coil (25A) is placed between magnet (4A) and motion coil (20A). The static coils of each group are connected in series in an opposite spiral direction to increase the sensitivity to the high-frequency signal that can be transmitted by the motion coils when a high-frequency current is made to flow through these motion coils.
    The target position of the optical element, eg the mirror, is generated by the control system. The position may comprise a first tilt angle x around a first tilt axis (X), a second tilt angle y around a second tilt axis (Y) and / or an elevation. The target angles and elevation are converted to target distances for the movement coil / magnet pairs. Those target distances and the measured distances are used by the control systems to control the currents through the motion coils. Extra high-frequency (> 500 kHz) electrical current signals are added to the currents. These high frequency components will be used for position detection.
    That is why the electric current through each movement coil consists of two parts:
    - a low-frequency part for controlling the applied mechanical forces on the positionable part. This part is controlled by the control system when it attempts to equate the set point (target point) and the actual value of the distances;
    - a high-frequency part that generates a fluctuating magnetic field through the movement coil. This high-frequency field is captured by the static coil combined with the movement coil - just like in a transformer. The smaller the distance between the movement coil and the static coil, the more energy from the signal transmitted by the movement coil is collected by the static coil. This principle is then used for
    BE2015 / 5371 measuring the distance between the static coil and the movement coil. The frequency of this signal is high enough that resulting mechanical forces have a negligible effect on the actual position of the positionable part.
    The control systems can be equipped with class D amplifiers. The inherent high frequency components of a class D output stage can be used as a source for the high frequency portion of the motion coil current. Infusion into the motion coil of a separate high frequency electrical generator can be an alternative source for the high frequency components.
    In a typical laser beam deflection system, the angle x and angle y are used to steer the beam to a certain position in a working area.
    In combination with a telecentric focusing lens, the elevation of the optical component mounted on the positionable part can be used to control the angle of incidence. This can be a huge advantage eg to check the straightness of the flanks of drilled holes. Figure 5 shows such an arrangement in which a device according to the present invention makes it possible to control the incident angle of a light beam. Here, an optical beam (40) moving along an initial direction (41) is reflected by a mirror (42) mounted on the positionable part (1) of a device according to the present invention, resulting in an outgoing light beam (44) that first final direction follows (45). Note that the longitudinal direction (L) is the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface. The outgoing light beam (44) traverses the optical center of a telecentric lens (46), and is therefore not deflected. By shifting the mirror (42) along the longitudinal direction (L) by a distance (43), so that the positionable part is in a shifted position (1A) and the mirror is in a shifted position (42A), the optical beam becomes (40) reflected by the shifted mirror (42A), resulting in a shifted output light beam (47) following a direction that is substantially parallel to the first final direction (45). However, the shifted outgoing light beam (47) does not pass through the optical center of the lens (46), and is thus deflected (47A) through an angle, resulting in a change of incident angle α relative to the non-deflected light beam (44) . The exact value of α can be controlled by the value of the distance of shift (43) from the mirror and positionable part. Note that the shift of the mirror can be combined with a rotation around one axis or two axes, resulting in a large range
    BE2015 / 5371 of possible angles of incidence as well as a large range of possible transversal shifts (d) of the resulting light beam after traversing the lens (46).
    In a preferred embodiment, the positionable part and / or base part comprises an aperture, e.g. an optical aperture, which allows manipulation of a light beam in the transmission mode, ie wherein a beam of light falls on one side of an optical element, passes through the optical element and leaves them on another side of the optical element. This can be achieved by a positionable and / or base part that includes holes in or near their respective geometric centers, which allow a light beam to pass through the device. In such a device, the optical element is preferably a lens or an optically flat glass or a prism.
    The device can be used to move an optical aperture using a mirror mounted on the device. This mirror can then be tilted and / or raised.
    The device can be used to move a focal plane using a lens or group of lenses mounted on the device. Such a lens or group of lenses can be increased.
    The device can be used to radially move an optical aperture using an optical plane glass mounted on the device. Such a flat glass can be tilted and / or raised.
    It is believed that the present invention is not limited to any realization form previously described and that some modifications may be added to the production examples shown without revaluing the appended claims. For example, the present invention has been described with reference to a device capable of positioning an optical element in three dimensions by rotation about two independent tilt axes and shifting along a longitudinal direction, but it is clear that the invention may relate to a device for example, which only requires a sliding movement or only a rotational movement. In particular, when only a sliding movement is required, the number of suspension elements, and preferably the number of leaf springs, can be more than three, e.g. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more. Furthermore, such an embodiment could comprise exactly one drive element, comprising one electrical conductor or coil on the positionable part and one magnet, preferably a permanent magnet, on the base part.
    BE2015 / 5371
    In further embodiments, a drive element can be replaced by a set of drive elements, e.g. a pair of drive elements, which operate in parallel or in series, preferably controlled via one control system.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A device for positioning an optical element comprising
    - a positionable part on which the optical element can be mounted;
    - a basic part;
    - a suspension system, the positionable part is mounted on the base part in a movable manner with the suspension system;
    - a control system for controlling movement of the positionable part; and
    - a drive system for driving movement of the positionable part relative to the base part, the drive system comprising at least one drive element comprising an electrical conductor, preferably an electrically conductive coil mounted on the positionable part, and one or more magnets preferably permanent magnets mounted on the base part near the guide, preferably substantially longitudinally adjacent to the guide, characterized in that the suspension system comprises at least three mechanical suspension elements, each suspension element comprising a leaf spring;
    wherein the control system comprises a detection system for measuring the position of the positionable part, the detection system comprising at least one detection element comprising a high-frequency electrical signal generator adapted to cause a high-frequency current component to flow through the electrical conductor on the positionable part, the electrical conductor is preferably an electrical conductor of a drive element, and the detection element comprising an induction-based proximity or distance sensor, preferably located on the base part, more preferably in the longitudinal direction near or next to the conductors on the positionable part, wherein the control system comprises means for controlling the electrical current flowing through an electrical conductor of a driving element, preferably controlling the electrical current flowing through each of the electrical conductors of the driving elements.
    [2]
    A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control system comprises a detection system for measuring the position of the positionable part, preferably the detection system comprises at least three detection elements, which allow a measurement of the full 3D position of the positionable part.
    BE2015 / 5371
    [3]
    A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control system comprises one or more control systems, comprising a feedback mechanism, which control system enables control of the movement of the positionable part, the movement follows a directional movement or a set of directional positions for the positionable part , taking into account an actual position of the positionable part.
    [4]
    A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive system comprises at least three drive elements.
    [5]
    A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical conductor or coil is positioned at least partially on or near a peripheral edge of the positional plate, and the magnet is located in the longitudinal direction near or next to the peripheral edge.
    [6]
    A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the suspension elements comprise electrical connections between an electrical source that is not located on the positionable part and the electrical conductors or wherein the suspension elements comprise electrically conductive parts that form electrical connections between an electrical source that is not is located on the positionable part and the electrical conductors.
    [7]
    A method for positioning an optical element, the method comprising the steps of:
    - providing a device for positioning an optical element, preferably according to one of the preceding claims; and
    - driving movement of the positionable part for positioning the optical element.
    [8]
    A method according to claim 7, wherein the movement of the positionable member comprises rotation about two independent axes and / or translation or shift along a longitudinal direction, preferably wherein the axes comprise a component perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
    [9]
    A method of manipulating a light beam through an optical element mounted on an optical element positioning device, preferably according to claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
    - shifting the optical element along a longitudinal direction, whereby preferably a path length of the beam is changed, preferably the optical path length;
    - rotating the optical element about one axis comprising a component perpendicular to an optical path of the beam;
    BE2015 / 5371
    - subsequently or simultaneously rotating the optical element about two independent axes, each comprising a component perpendicular to an optical path of the beam; or
    - subsequently or simultaneously shifting the optical element along an axis
    5 and longitudinal direction and rotation of the optical element about one axis or about two independent axes.
    [10]
    A positionable part and / or a base part suitable for a device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10133059B2|2018-11-20|
    EP3158381A1|2017-04-26|
    US20170139202A1|2017-05-18|
    BE1026351A1|2020-01-10|
    WO2015192914A1|2015-12-23|
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    法律状态:
    2020-03-02| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20200113 |
    优先权:
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    PCT/EP2014/063082|WO2015192914A1|2014-06-20|2014-06-20|Apparatus and method for positioning an optical element|
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